Mysql, apche and firewall commands

Firewall - iptables commands

iptables -I INPUT -s IPADDRESSHERE -j DROP : This command stops any connections from the IP address

iptables -L : List all rules in iptables

iptables -F : Flushes all iptables rules (clears the firewall)

iptables --save : Saves the currenty ruleset in memory to disk

service iptables restart : Restarts iptables

Apache Shell Commands

httpd -v : Outputs the build date and version of the Apache server.

httpd -l : Lists compiled in Apache modules

httpd status : Only works if mod_status is enabled and shows a page of active connections

service httpd restart : Restarted Apache web server

MySQL Shell Commands

mysqladmin processlist : Shows active mysql connections and queries

mysqladmin drop databasenamehere : Drops/deletes the selected database

mysqladmin create databasenamehere : Creates a mysql database

Restore MySQL Database Shell Command

mysql -u username -p password databasename < databasefile.sql : Restores a MySQL database from databasefile.sql

Backup MySQL Database Shell Command

mysqldump -u username -p password databasename > databasefile.sql : Backup MySQL database to databasefile.sql

kill: terminate a system process

kill -9 PID EG: kill -9 431

kill PID EG: kill 10550

Use top or ps ux to get system PIDs (Process IDs)

EG:

PID       TTY      TIME     COMMAND

10550   pts/3     0:01      /bin/csh

10574   pts/4     0:02      /bin/csh

10590   pts/4     0:09      APP

Each line represents one process, with a process being loosely defined as a running instance of a program. The column headed PID (process ID) shows the assigned process numbers of the processes. The heading COMMAND shows the location of the executed process.

Putting commands together

Often you will find you need to use different commands on the same line. Here are some examples. Note that the | character is called a pipe, it takes date from one program and pipes it to another.

>      :means create a new file, overwriting any content already there.

>>    :means tp append data to a file, creating a newone if it doesn not already exist.

<      :send input from a file back into a command.

grep User /usr/local/apache/conf/httpd.conf |more

This will dump all lines that match User from the httpd.conf, then print the results to your screen one page at a time.

last -a > /root/lastlogins.tmp

This will print all the current login history to a file called lastlogins.tmp in /root/

tail -10000 /var/log/exim_mainlog |grep domain.com |more

This will grab the last 10,000 lines from /var/log/exim_mainlog, find all occurances of domain.com (the period represents 'anything',

-- comment it out with a so it will be interpretted literally), then send it to your screen page by page.

netstat -an |grep :80 |wc -l

Show how many active connections there are to apache (httpd runs on port 80)

mysqladmin processlist |wc -l

Show how many current open connections there are to mysql

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